The Puritan Religion’s Influence on Children Essay

While the current child considers their life to be stressful and busy, the children of the Puritan religion had much more to be worried about, on top of all of their daily activities. The adults in the community looked down upon the children that represented the devil and his works. Children were born with the burden of Adam’s sin, and they must be broken from sinning. By the time that the children were five, they were put to work, to contribute to the family. Most children were small, and able to help with the weeding of plants and house work. After an early morning work session, most children would attend school. Schooling was very important to the Puritans because they believed that the devil would influence anyone you was easy†¦show more content†¦The constant fear would be held above all’s heads and cause the mentally weak, to go insane. Puritans belief that God was the main controller meant that he would punish anyone who would do anything that was sinfu l. They would not help anyone who had fallen sick or had a misfortune, because they saw it as God’s will. God was more powerful than anyone on Earth, and would punish the damn more than any physical pain could. Children were the most susceptible to sinful nature because they were seen as promiscuous (Discovery Education). In the Puritan Religion, all children were supposed to be looked down upon, and hold no power. They were supposed to be closer to the devil than any adult, as we could see during the Salem Witch Trials. Death by sin was also constant fear in the child’s mind, and the children were so afraid to sin, that they usually ended up sinning. Also, children lived with the fear of not experiencing God for their memberships to the church. In this time, to be a citizen, you had to be a member of the church. When the children of the elect were born, they were automatically given membership to the church, because they were for surely experience God. When some of th em did not, they lived inconstant fear of what was to to come of them and their future children. The constant fears and pressures of the Puritan child lead to problems within the community (Campbell). With the Bible as their main focus to their religion and their leader,Show MoreRelatedThe Crucible: John Proctor - True Hero876 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play the crucible, Arthur miller uses the character of John Proctor who, residing in hysteria-shaken Puritan Salem, rises beyond the hysteria and proves himself a true hero through his heroic virtues, challenging of authority and power, self-sacrifice and self-realisation. Proctor is the only individual willing to question the puritan belief system. He believes that no man should have control over the life of another. Only God has the power to judge and condemn. Therefore, choosing the moreRead MoreEssay on The Role of Religion in the Formation of America1962 Words   |  8 Pagesreligious haven for the Puritans. This in turn l ed to other colonies in the north being formed for religious reasons as well. The Early Northern Colonies were founded exclusively for religious reasons. The Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was the first Northern Colony created, was created so that the Puritans could escape the religious turmoil in Britain at the time. As James A. Henretta, David Brody, and Lynn Dumenil point out in America a Concise History, the Puritans believed that religionRead MorePuritans And The American Ethos And Democratic Spirit2322 Words   |  10 PagesPuritans founded America, and for roughly two centuries, defined American culture. Their zealousness has created cultural backlashes to many progressive movements, but also organized community picnics, sent aid to impoverished populations (albeit with perverse logic), and comforted millions of Americans, both now and in the past, facing an uncertain world. Tocqueville unequivocally professed the proverbial glue Puritanism has on the American ethos and democratic spirit: â€Å"Puritanism was not merelyRead MoreMarx, Weber and Reli gion2182 Words   |  9 Pageswith an example of religious belief or practice. Examples utilised are predominantly Western constructs of religion, as the three main theorists each originated from Europe, and as such, their theories encompass predominantly Western ideology. Religion’s innate nature to provide impetus for or impediment to social change will be addressed, concluding that it is both a conservative and innovative force in social life. Emile Durkheim postulated that religion originated in society, and could thereforeRead More The Evolution of Childhood in Europe and America Essay2089 Words   |  9 Pagesupper-class. Children of the lower-classes generally had a rather extended infancy period -- to about age seven -- but were then, essentially, tossed into the adult world. With the advent of Calvinism, and protestantism in general, in the late 1500s, the focus shifted, perhaps because of the rise of a middle class, perhaps because of the new religions focus on the individual. In the Protestant view, in which humans were viewed as innately evil, soiled by original sin, children were also considered

Macroeconomic Theories Of Macroeconomics And Classical...

Macroeconomics is a branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole, rather than individual markets. This includes national, regional, and global economies. With microeconomics, macroeconomics is one of the two most general fields in economics. There are two major macroeconomic theories that economists use to describe the economy. Those theories are Keynesian and Classical. Each theory has a different approach to the economic study of monetary policies, consumer behaviors, and government spending. A few distinctions separate the two theories. Classical economics is the theory that free markets will restore full employment without government intervention. They believe†¦show more content†¦That means that there is no need for fiscal policy designed for the purpose of restoring full employment. A key assumption in the classical theory is that, with time to adjust, prices and wages will decrease to ensure the ec onomy operates at the full employment level. Classical economists focus more on creating long term solutions for economic problems. Inflation, government regulations and taxes can all play an important part in developing the classical theories. Classical economists also analyze how current and new policies will impact the market environment. Keynesian economics is the view that in the short run, especially during recessions, economic output is strongly influenced by aggregate demand. The theories forming the basis of Keynesian economics were first presented by the British economist John Maynard Keynes. In the Keynesian view, aggregate demand does not necessarily equal the productive capacity of the economy; instead, it is influenced by a host of factors and sometimes behaves erratically, affecting production, employment, and inflation. Keynesian economics is the theory that the role of the federal government is to increase or decrease aggregate demand to achieve economic goals. Keynesian economics relies on the government to intervene and spend to help with economic growth during the economic downturns. Keynesians believe that the economy is made up of consumer spending, business

The Role of the Double Plot in King Lear and Hamlet Essay

King Lear and Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, are two plays that reveal similar thematic elements, yet possess fundamentally different plot structures. Driven by the suffering and rage of two complementary characters, both plays suggest injustice through ‘good’, but ultimately flawed characters. This shared overarching theme is, however, conveyed differently within each of the works, as one employs two mainly disparate plot threads, while the other relies more heavily on the interaction between the two central plots. Yet the ultimate purpose of this dualism remains the same within both King Lear and Hamlet, in that Shakespeare’s use of the double plot illuminates the tragic elements within both plays, emphasizing core injustices through†¦show more content†¦This dichotomy between external blames and internal repentance is used by Shakespeare to demonstrate the tragic nature of King Lear from more than one plane, showing how two different personalities res pond to two similar fates. In â€Å"Hamlet† however, this clear symmetry is replaced with a more muddled intertwinement. Rather than maintaining two relatively separate plot threads in the journeys of Lear and Gloucester, Shakespeare opts to interweave the motivations and fates of Laertes and Hamlet, using their conflict as the central dynamic, while their parallels take a reduced role. In this sense, while King Lear is driven solely by the dualism of the story, Hamlet relies on the clash of the two plots to suggest injustice. This injustice, through conflict, is shown most prominently in Hamlet’s and Laertes’ duel at the end of the play. Hamlet, describing Laertes as a â€Å"a very noble youth.† (5.1.231), reveals a respect towards his foe that suggests that it is circumstance, not choice, that forces his hand. Similarly, Laertes’ singular goal, â€Å"To this point I stand, that both the worlds I give to negligence, let come what comes, only Iâ €™ll be revenged most thoroughly for my father.† (4.5.151-154) shows that his wrath is fueled solely by duty, such that his pursuit of revenge imparts upon him a single-minded myopia that drives him inexorably towards the final conflict. Ironically, upon meeting Claudius after hearing of his father’s death, Laertes asks â€Å"How came heShow MoreRelated Sinless King Lear ? Essay1364 Words   |  6 Pages      When one contemplates the essence of being a king, one imagines that a king would never want for anything and that his later years would be carefree.   In reading King Lear, one sees a seamier side of life for a particular king.   Lear draws the audience’s attention to this in Act 3 when he cries out pitifully, â€Å"I am a man / More sinned against than sinning.†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Lear undoubtedly made a huge mistake when he divided his kingdom and banished two people who were very dear to him.   HoweverRead MoreWomen in William Shakespeare’s Plays Essay2376 Words   |  10 Pagesfeeling as deep as the love that he has for Olivia† (Bates 10).   Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare also plays with the role of strong women as undesirable, even evil.   As we see throughout many of his plays â€Å"it is common in Shakespeare’s plays†¦ for the good characters to easily fall victim to their evil counterparts† (Peterson 12).   This is particularly true of Cordelia and King Lear in the play, King Lear, as both become victims of Regan’s and Goneril’s plotting (Shakespeare V.iii.276-280).   â€Å"Women as the mostRead MoreResponse to Sexuality, Witchcraft and Violence in Macbeth by Dennis Biggins1613 Words   |  7 PagesEH 304 Late Shakespeare 10/10/2011 â€Å"Sexuality, Witchcraft, and Violence in Macbeth, by Dennis Biggins Summary: In this article, Biggins focuses on several themes, both obvious and discreet, within the plot of Macbeth. Biggins disputes other critics opinions that sexuality has little thematic importance in Macbeth, stating that the play is immersed in sexuality through both violent and mystical indications. Other critics refer to the play as the purest of Shakespeare s tragedies,Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare and Macbeth8813 Words   |  36 PagesThe Fall of Man The ancient Greek notion of tragedy concerned the fall of a great man, such as a king, from a position of superiority to a position of humility on account of his ambitious pride, or  hubris. To the Greeks, such arrogance in human behavior was punishable by terrible vengeance. The tragic hero was to be pitied in his fallen plight but not necessarily forgiven: Greek tragedy frequently has a bleak outcome. Christian drama, on the other hand, always offers a ray of hope; hence,  Macbeth  endsRead MoreEssay on Changing Gender Roles in William Shakespeares Macbeth2817 Words   |  12 PagesChanging Gender Roles in William Shakespeares Macbeth  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Much attention has been paid to the theme of manliness as it appears throughout Macbeth. In his introduction to Macbeth in The Riverside Shakespeare, Frank Kermode contends that the play is about the eclipse of civility and manhood, [and] the temporary triumph of evil (1307). Stephen Greenblatt emphasizes the same idea in The Norton Shakespeare, crediting Lady Macbeth for encouraging her husband through both sexual tauntingRead MoreFemale Sexuality in Shakespeare4830 Words   |  20 PagesQuestion Compare and contrast the representation of female sexuality in Cymbeline, the Sonnets, and one of the plays: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Richard II, Hamlet, Antony and Cleopatra, Measure for Measure or King Lear.       Both Cymbeline and A Midsummer Night’s Dream  (AMND)  are both set in a patriarchal environment where both genders grapple for control. Valerie Traub defines the distinction between gender sex and gender behavior as â€Å"Sex refers to the . . . biological distinctions betweenRead MoreMacbeth9435 Words   |  38 Pagesrelationship with the sovereign. Macbeth  is Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy, and tells the story of a brave Scottish general named  Macbeth  who receives a prophecy from a trio of witches that one day he will become King of Scotland. Consumed by ambition and spurred to action by his wife, Macbeth murders King Duncan and takes the throne for himself. He is then wracked with guilt and paranoia, and he soon becomes a tyrannical ruler as he is forced to commit more and more murders to protect himself from enmityRead MoreFigurative Language and the Canterbury Tales13472 Words   |  54 Pages †¢ The Lord sits above the water floods. The Lord remains a King forever. The Lord shall give strength to his people. The lord shall give his people the blessings of peace. -Ps. 29 †¢ â€Å"Let us march to the realization of the American dream. Let us march on segregated housing. Let us march on segregated schools. Let us march on poverty. Let us march on ballot boxes.... --Martin Luther King, Jr. †¢ Mad world ! Mad king! Mad composition ! 6. antagonist: the character or force opposing

Unique Perspective to Teaching Dead Poets Society Essay

In Dead Poets Society, John Keating becomes the new English teacher at Welton Academy, an esteemed school rooted in tradition, after attending as a student years ago. He teaches using an unconventional style which is different from the traditional English curriculum, and in the process, he exposes the students to a new perspective on the subject and principles for living life. Keating encourages free-thinking and condemns the textbook which prevents the students from thinking for themselves. Other individuals, including the principal, Mr. Nolan, disagree with his unconventional method of teaching and prefer that he follow a traditional method of teaching through an English textbook. The lessons that Mr. Keating presents the students†¦show more content†¦English was taught using the textbooks for many years at Welton Academy and ripping the pages from the book represents a rejection of conformity. Keating teaches without the textbook which was a central part of the original curriculum and instead attempts to teach the students to become free thinkers. An important part of becoming a free thinker is to not be influenced by another individual which in this case is Dr. Pritchard. Regarding poetry, the student must have a chance to think for themselves and not have the thoughts of others shoved down their throats by a professor. Keating’s insistence on the students ripping out the pages is reflective of Emerson’s principle that â€Å"Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind†. When Keating has Todd Anderson compose a poem in front of the class, he reveals, to the students, Emerson’s principle that people have limitless potential. After assigning the class to write a poem, Todd comes in the following day without a completed poem. When Mr. Keating calls Todd to let out a barbaric â€Å"YAWP†, he attempts to have Todd channel his inner emotions and feelings before having his compose a poem. The words that begin to spew out of his mouth when Keating tells him to speak about the picture of Walt Whitman on the wall form a poem. Emerson, in â€Å"Self-reliance†, says that â€Å"The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do,Show MoreRelated Critique of Keatings Teaching Methods in Dead Poets Society521 Words   |  3 Pages In the movie, Dead Poets Society, the basic idea of expression is being taught by Keating. Keating is a very unique instructor who uses many different methods of teaching to get the students involved, but he shows them ways to have fun also. That in itself is very unique. Keating is trying to release the emotions these students have within themselves. He is teaching them to make their lives extraordinary, think for themselves, and be an individualRead More Relationships Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pagesstudied enhanced your understanding of relationships? Refer to Maestro and two other texts of your choosing? Relationships are a complex part of today’s society and affect all areas. All relationships are different, and they influence the decisions made by people and others around them. The three texts ‘Maestro’ by Peter Goldsworthy, ‘Dead Poets Society’ directed by Peter Weir and ‘Goodnight Mr Tom’ by Michelle Magorian all enhance the understanding of relationships. These three texts, all show variousRead MoreLessons On Nonconformity In Peter Weirs Dead Poets Society907 Words   |  4 PagesMr. Keating in faces as he begins his first year teaching at an all-boys prep school. In Dead Poets Society directed by Peter Weir, Mr. Keating helps many of his students, including Todd Anderson and Neil Perry, break free from their conventional morals and begin to take their lives into their own hands. This philosophy, called Transcendentalism, establishes the individual as the most intellectual. By requiring students to look for new perspectives and stand up for their own beliefs, he is able toRead MoreThe communication aspects of the Dead Poets Society2410 Words   |  10 PagesThe Dead Poets Society is an awe inspiring film set in the 1950s about a teacher who went against the grain and taught his high school students to think for themselves and not allow their attitudes and behavior to be constrained by conformity by older generations. In our class le ctures/discussions, we have touched on many aspects of human culture and communication and this movie illustrates many of these concepts. Perspectives, gender, communication theories, persuasion, language, verbal and nonverbalRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Life843 Words   |  4 Pagesin the class room because it can’t teach socialization, interact with students individually and it is not reliable. First of all, Reducing Teachers to a role of knowledge transmitter is far away from the job teachers are actually doing. They are teaching socialization as George Washington Carver says â€Å"all learning is understanding relationships†. Teachers teach morals, wisdom and social skills with their experiences and emotions. Students can relate to their teacher’s experiences and can learn fromRead MoreRenaissance Art Analysis1097 Words   |  5 Pagesof both their beliefs, and social trends. Using this means of portraying information, art became a subjective tool to educate the population. 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John Keating’s educational method against tradition brought vitality to this school: in his classroom, he encouraged the students to stand upon the desk, to observe the world around with a different perspective; he introduced thoughtfulRead MoreAnalysis Of Stonewall Jackson Way1421 Words   |  6 PagesDesign 215 Inc., poestories.com/read/murders. Accessed 4 Sept. 2017. Edgar Allen Poe was an American poet, short story author, and editor. He grew up with financial and family issues after his mother died at a young age, and his father neglected him. Despite the adversary, he published works that defined him as the original author of horror and detective fiction. During his time period, Poe was unique because he chose to focus on the stylistic elements of writing instead of the plot. In the short storyRead More A Comparison of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Dead Poets Society2182 Words   |  9 PagesCuckoos Nest Vs. 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Analysis Cloud Computing Essay - 1353 Words

Summary Analysis Cloud Computing is a fairly new term used to identify a type of computer connectivity, IT services and on-demand delivery offered via the web. The way that it works is, Cloud Computing offers an easy approach to accessing servers, storage, databases and a wide set of request over the Internet. Cloud Computing also allows cloud-based service providers to own and sustain the network-connected equipment necessary for these application services. This is all done while permitting a business to facilitate and use the services that are deemed essential via a web application (Amazon, 2016). The cloud can provide swift access to malleable and low budget IT resources. With the use of cloud computing, you are not required to make big direct investments in hardware and spend a lot of time on managing that hardware and associated services. Cloud Computing compromises a comprehensive set of on-demand services, such as global computing, storage, database, analytics, application, and deployment services. These services will assist an organization move quicker, reduce IT costs, and scale systems. Cloud Computing has three key categories, they are usually referred to as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Mobile as a Service (MaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS). One of the primary issue that needed to be address in Cloud Computing was security. As a result, all types of security procedures are mandatory to be employed by cloud serviceShow MoreRelatedA Analysis On Cloud Computing1304 Words   |  6 PagesCloud computing is the use of services over the internet. The services may include software development platform, servers, storage, software etc. Cloud broker using the property known as cloud brokerage, which will help the consumers to find out better solutions. 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Cloud Computing ............................................................................................................................ 3 WHAT ARE THE NECESSITIES OF CLOUD COMPUTING? .............................................Read MoreCloud Computing Security Analysis : Analysis1902 Words   |  8 PagesCloud Computing Security Analysis Zewen Zhu Telecommunications Engineering University of Maryland MD, USA Abstract – Cloud computing is a popular technology nowadays. Users of the cloud computing services share computing resources from the cloud service providers to run their applications in the cloud. The cloud computing provides users with high scalable, available, and reliable on-demand service that can be rapid provisioned and with minimal management effort. However the cloud is a multi-tenantRead MoreFictitious Statistical Analysis Of Cloud Computing Essay1242 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction This paper will present a fictitious statistical analysis of cloud computing, and the number of security issues encountered by a variety of organization types. The fictitious organizations were surveyed to collect data on the number of software and hardware applications outsourced to the cloud, and the number of security issues encountered. According to (Whitman and Mattord, 2012), information Security is the protection of the lifeblood of the organization — its information. SpecificallyRead MoreAnalysis And Design Considerations For Cloud Computing1493 Words   |  6 Pagesarticle that discusses important systems analysis and design considerations for Cloud Computing. The proliferation of high speed network access and virtualization of data center functions has provided businesses with alternatives to in-house servers and proprietary application development. Just as the evolution of information technology from mainframes to client-server architectures required a different approach to analysis and design, the advent of new Cloud Computing models will require a new approach

An Economic Case for Batteries for Energy Storage in Australia

Question: Describe an Economic Case for Batteries for Energy Storage in Australia? Answer: Introduction It has been identified that Australia has untapped renewable energy resources, sparse population and peaky demand profile. Therefore, energy department of Australia understands that continuing in generating path of traditional power and augmentation of system will be more expensive. [5] argued that storage industry or sector of Australia need to increase and achieve the best way in terms of growing. This report mainly discussed the economic case for batteries for energy storage that allows proponents of storage. Apart from that, this report considers the broader understanding of energy industry of Australia such as demand for energy storage in Australia, economic case for meet the demand for batteries for energy storage, etc. 1. Energy Storage sector of Australia with reference to other countries In Australia, supply of electricity divided into four different ways such as transmission, generation, retail and distribution, whereas other countries supply their electricity in three different ways such as generation, transmission and distribution. However, majority of country in this world focus on providing electricity supply through coal or other related materials, but Australia increase their resources of supplying power all part of the country via renewable resources such as solar, hydro, wind, etc. [2] opined that majority of countries generated their electricity through the burning fossils such as oil, gas, coal, etc. Australia is also one of the countries that used burning fossils for supply of power at large scale power stations conventionally. Figure 1: Forecast of Commercial market for energy storage in Australia (Source: [8]) According to the government of Australia, the generators of power supply such as wind, solar, hydro and the fuel of Australia are located a long way. Therefore, moving of these electricity resources across the long distance government has to invest more capital for transmission of network in order to deliver the electricity in the demand centres. In order to reduce this limitation, government of Australia implement smaller scale distribution network in terms of supplying energy to the residential, commercial as well as industrials. Energy of electric is not able to store in the network [11]. Therefore, Australia uses batteries for energy storage. Apart from that, using pipes, government of Australia stored gas or water energy resources in the network. In Australia, storage of energy for the electricity consumption was successfully admired using the chemical batteries. For the large scale electricity generation as well as distribution or for transition, it has been understand that batteries are the more economical efficient in terms of generating energy or storing energy when it was consumed. [9] stated that development of chemical batteries for storing energy during electricity consumption rather than other building other storage system. The upfront cost for building batteries based on chemical energy storage system is much lower. Apart from that, batteries lose less electricity during converting electrical energy into the form of storable. The energy investment group develop the solar system that considered as worlds largest energy storage resources. In order to develop the battery storage project Australia invests more than $2 million, whereas other countries such as USA, Europe, Netherlands, invest much less rather than Austral ia. 2. Current Situation and Future Scenario of Energy Storing Project of Australia Current Situation Australian Energy Storage constructed the worlds largest battery bank. In Australia, the energy storage constructor facilitate more than 400 MWH energy storage that indicates it provide more than 100 MW (Mega Watt) using the chemical lithium battery technology. For the battery storage project, Australia invests more capital rather than other countries in this world. From the energy storage preview report it has been understand that one Australian Company name ASX wholly owned the business power [6]. However, the company working with the partnership of Rio-Tinto serves the remote bauxite operation in Queensland and expand the power during electricity consumption to 6.7 MW instead of 1.7 MW. Figure 2: Component of Electricity Grid (Source: [2]) According to the CEO and director of MPower energy saving through chemical battery tags the high market growth. The households of Australia are able to bypass their electricity retailers [1]. Soon the people of Australia buy electricity power from open market via the new technology that build based on chemical battery. According to the people of Australia, Canberra based company introduced the new technology that allowed people in storing energy and converting it for their daily uses. Apart from that, it has been identified that the Canberra based company installed battery storage in six solar homes around the region of Canberra and pilot their new developed technology. However, for this project, the Renewable Energy Agency of Australia contributed more than $445000 for the ongoing project of battery energy storage. Currently, more than 900000 projects were undertaken by the different companies in Australia [3]. The companies of battery based energy storage project such as Reposit Power said that they are the worlds first energy storage program in deriving the seat of energy storage. Future Scenario The Renewable Energy Agency of Australia evaluates the development of their energy storing system via simulation of their scenario baseline in terms of development of energy storing system during energy consumption in Australia. The baseline of simulation demonstrates that energy storing system via chemical based battery reduce the usage of fuel and energy consumption. Introducing the new technology, government of Australia can produce the low renewable energy penetration. The government of Australia was undertaken their energy storage project based on battery in 2011 and they continue their development project up to 2030. Apart from that, electric generation infrastructure of Australia especially the purpose of project of energy saving takes the necessity steps that describes the future economy of Australia. Australian greenhouse gas has a potential impact in the electricity generation. 3. Process of Life Cycle Management application for Energy Storage Readily Implementation Remote Electricity System and Fringe System: In order to involve the battery storage system for storing energy, remote system has to apply because the process or methods of remote system fully depend on the capacity of electrical generation. However, the local electrical generation was supplied by the diesel plants. However, it is a smaller system. The energy storage department of Australia need to move their energy saving life cycle towards renewable energy system. In order to achieve larger electricity grid, energy resource department need to apply the process of linking voltage transmission network. Fringe system hang of the lines of long signal network in electricity supply and maintain the voltage regulations during the times of difficulties [12]. Apart from that, limited infrastructure increased the vial costs in terms of strengthening the connections in urban as well as rural standards. Network Support: In Australia, the network of electricity serves the inherent market that considers high cost. Due to sparse population of Australia, demands of electricity growth higher and higher. Therefore, the peak demand level growth of the people of Australia increases each year in order to accumulating the electricity storing devices such as battery. In order to maintain the consuming devices of electricity, government of Australia has to apply the demand side participation. It will allow in promoting the technology of consumption of power. Apart from that, cost reflective pricing also has to apply in order to generate the possibility. According to the energy consumptions and changing towards the impact of peak demand, need to reduce the contribution of peak demand [7]. It will help in successful involvement of cost effective pricing in terms of generating possibility. Market Participation: In order to store the electricity energy, Australia has to comprise the market participation. National Electricity Market helps in starting the wholesaling market of the supply of storage energy to the end user or the retailers. Apart from that, operation of NEM has interconnection with the large global sector of energy storage and power system. Grid Stability: In order to apply the life cycle management for storing energy, Australia has to changes the supply demand in their AC electricity grid. They need to observe the frequency in each grid and keep the stability of each grid. However, through small scale injection and the rapid injections or withdrawal the lead as well as generation, Australia can store their energy in battery [4]. Moreover, the frequency control service provides the category of ancillary service that will allow in specifying market design. Residential Storage System: For applying life cycle management in energy storing system, Australia has to adopt distributed renewable generations in their residential households. This uptake can helps in concentrating the overall energy storing project more than fifteen years with the noticeable spikes [10]. Apart from that, involvement of residential storage system, help in avoiding incentives of power bills that live more virtuously. Challenges In order to apple the life cycle management process in energy storing system, Australia may face several challenges such as technical challenges, economical challenges, cultural challenges, etc. Technical Challenges: The major challenges that faced during the implementation of life cycle management process are consistent of control interface. Majority of storage vendor supplied their own storage management system that may risk for ongoing project of energy storage. For the utility battery, there were no standard used by the vendors in the new type of network asset. Coordination and infrastructure control for large network of storage will be limited during execution. Economical Challenges: Disaggregated structure of industry in Australian electricity can capture by one single party of all storage benefits. Therefore, value of this service cannot easily captured by the government. Moreover, through the above life cycle management system, financial incentives of electricity supply are not able to align properly. Energy storage insulates the deployment of electricity retailers such as peak price that convert the financial hedges. This type of hedges represents the development of market and provides the cheaper option rather than storage based hedges. Cultural Challenges: In order to develop the energy storage through chemical battery, majority of engineers provides unfamiliar technology in centralisation of AC system. Apart from that, engineers of developing technology for energy storage is unproven that decades complicated energy storing method and creates wide range of networks problems. However, lack of renewable energy vendor as well as storage vendors create dialogue for hybrid system and misunderstood the future growth opportunities, possibilities and requirements in terms of successful storage commercialisation. Use of UNEP Life Cycle Management process details Set Policies: In order to use the UNEP Life Cycle Management process within the core reading, need to set the policies of LCM. LCM policies are the important rings that works at all level of an organisation. Commitment and internal readiness of LCM helps in continuous improvements in the UNEP life cycle management process for batteries for energy storage. Organize: In order to make the project successful, renewable energy agency need to involve with initiative. It provides higher ambition and participates with the process properly. Survey: In order to involve UNEP Life Cycle Management, Australia has to survey about the available knowledge and environmental impacts of energy storage. For example, need to survey the reports of environmental and corporate. Set Goals: For involving the UNEP Life Cycle Management process within the project of Batteries for energy storage, need to set goals firsts based on region. Renewable Energy Agency of Australia needs to provide effort and determine the goal for the improvement pursuing project. 4. Energy Storage for Addressing Issues There are several types of energy storage that allows in storing energy such as chemical energy storage, electrical energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, thermal energy storage, mechanical energy storage, etc. However, according to the issues of current situation in energy storage of Australia, electrochemical energy storage will be fit. It is the best mechanism of storing energy. There are several devices involves such as battery, fuel cell, etc that convert the chemical energy into electricity. The device named battery has huge capacity of storage and density of charge. Apart from that, energy density of battery is much better rather than other devices. Voltage efficiency of battery is also useful and the ratio of output of a battery is much more efficient rather than other device. Electrochemical energy storage devices such as Battery allow in using two types of batteries such as non rechargeable batteries and the chargeable batteries. Chargeable batteries have large storage capacity and have the capability of recharge. The electro code of rechargeable batteries is able to precede the reactions in both directions. It facilitates to provide free energy in the non spontaneous direction that stored wide range of energy and supply energy during power consumption. Therefore, using electrochemical energy storage system, Australia is able to reduce the problems of energy consumption as well the capital investment for acquiring other resources instead of coal, fuel, etc. Fuel cell is also an important part of electrochemical energy storage. Fuel cell converts chemical energy into electricity. Using fuel cell, Australia can produce electrical energy from wind, water, etc. Different types of fuel cell such as electrolyte, cathode, anode, etc provides lot of benefits in producing energy and storing energy with less economy. Therefore, it will be the important method of mitigating issues for using renewable energy storage. Conclusion This report is analysing the current situation of Australia in energy storage industry. The situation of Australia is appropriate for the adoption of broad scale of alternatives ways of energy including batteries for energy storage. Wholesale electricity market also has to apply because it operates the western regions of Australia where people love more than 2 million. Therefore, use of natural resources such as wind, solar, hydro instead of fuel, gas, oil will allows Australia in developing a scrap electrical generation capacity. The policy makers of Australia are also serious about their cost of greenhouse gas. It helps in increasing the needs of Australian economy as well as the capacity of storing energy from the alternative sources. Reference List [1] W. Steinmann, 'The CHEST (Compressed Heat Energy STorage) concept for facility scale thermo mechanical energy storage', Energy, vol. 69, pp. 543-552, 2014. [2] J. Laird, 'Storage solutions', Renewable Energy Focus, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 42-46, 2012. [3] N. Chopra and S. Fiechter, 'Energy conversion and storage', Nanomaterials and Energy, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 63-64, 2012. [4] N. Amin, M. Belusko, F. Bruno and M. Liu, 'Optimising PCM thermal storage systems for maximum energy storage effectiveness', Solar Energy, vol. 86, no. 9, pp. 2263-2272, 2012. [5] S. Jain and M. Sharma, 'Long term storage stability of Jatropha curcas biodiesel', Energy, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 5409-5415, 2011. [6] A. Barin, 'Multiple Criteria Analysis for Energy Storage Selection', Energy and Power Engineering, vol. 03, no. 04, pp. 557-564, 2011. [7] H. Du and Z. Li, 'Online-backup system for Cloud Computing Storage', Energy Procedia, vol. 13, pp. 8194-8202, 2011. [8] R. Schlogl, Chemical energy storage. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2013. [9] V. Mittal, Polymers for energy storage and conversion. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2013. [10] M. Hou, H. Xie and P. Were, Clean energy systems in the subsurface. Berlin: Springer, 2013. [11] S. Zhang, 'Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Electrochemical Energy Storage', Front. Energy Res., vol. 1, 2013. [12] N. Shaigan, 'ChemInform Abstract: Electrodeposition for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices', ChemInform, vol. 42, no. 10, p. no-no, 2011.

Comparison of Gini coefficient

Question: Discuss about the Comparison of Gini coefficient. Answer: Introduction: According to World Bank, Gini coefficient is the indicator of dispersion of income distribution among households from a perfectly equal distribution (oecd.org, 2016). The income Gini coefficient of OECD countries is given below: Gini Coefficient index during 2014 New Zealand 0.333 United states 0.394 United Kingdom 0.358 Switzerland 0.295 Ireland 0.244 Turkey 0.393 Australia 0.337 Chile 0.465 Table 1: Gini coefficient index (Source: oecd.org, 2016) As stated by Fyers Kirk (2015), Gini coefficient close to zero indicates less inequality among people of different income distribution in an economy. On the other hand, the value close to 1 indicates high inequality and less human development in the economy. High inequality indicates gap between high and low income group is wider and low income group people are excluded from socio economic facilities. The above table shows that income inequality in New Zealand is less than US and UK. However, income inequality is lowest in Ireland among the OECD countries. It can be inferred that economic policies have been implemented in a better way in Ireland in comparison to New Zealand. Economic growth and development of industrial and service sector are important factors that ensure income distribution. Differences in wealth are also cause of differences in income distribution. Differences in government policies regarding salaries, taxes and other development policies, human capital formation, industrialisation are reasons for differences in Gini coefficient across countries. Development of small industry in New Zealand compared to the large industries is one of the reasons that attributes to the inequalities in the economy and rising Gini coefficient in this country (inequality.org.nz, 2016). References Fyers, A. Kirk, S. (2015). Income inequality: How NZ is one of the worst in the world. stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 2 January 2017, from https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/68600911/income-inequality-how-nz-is-one-of-the-worst-in-the-world inequality.org.nz. (2016). Understand inequality. Retrieved 2 January 2017, from https://www.inequality.org.nz/understand/#!prettyPhoto oecd.org (2016) OECD Income Distribution Database (IDD): Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts. Retrieved 2 January 2017, from https://www.oecd.org/social/income-distribution-database.htm